@prefix : <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/> .
@prefix grddl: <http://www.w3.org/2003/g/data-view#> .
@prefix dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .

<http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/> a owl:Ontology, skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "PreservArt Terminology Resource"@en;
  dct:contributor "Bruno Almeida", "Filipe Klymenko";
  dct:description "A controlled vocabulary for standardizing terminology related to the description, condition assessment, and preservation of magnetic audio tape collections. Developed in the context of the PreservArt project and published through the ROSSIO Infrastructure."@en;
  dct:creator "PreservArt";
  skos:hasTopConcept :packagingType, :reelType, :reelDiameter, :audioTapeFormat, :substrate,
    :generalAssessmentOfTheReel, :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements, :tapeAndWindingCondition,
    :audioFormat, :recordingSpeed, :degradationType, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "PreservArt Terminology Resource"@en;
  dct:date "2026-04";
  dct:rights <https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>;
  dct:relation <https://preservart.fcsh.unl.pt/>, <https://doi.org/10.54499/2023.16007.ICDT>;
  dct:publisher <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/agentes/c_3d0f0c8c> .

:packagingType a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The category of outer container or enclosure used to house a magnetic audio tape reel."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemePackagingType;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemePackagingType;
  skos:prefLabel "Packaging Type"@en;
  skos:narrower :packagingTypeCardboardBox, :packagingTypePaperEnvelope, :packagingTypePlasticCase,
    :packagingTypePlasticEnvelope .

:reelType a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The physical type and construction of the hub and flanges of a magnetic tape reel."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelType;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelType;
  skos:prefLabel "Reel Type"@en;
  skos:narrower :reelTypeNabMetalReel, :reelTypeTridentHubMetalReel, :reelTypeTridentHubPlasticReel,
    :reelTypePancakeTapeWithDinHub, :reelTypePancakeTapeWithNabHub .

:reelDiameter a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The outer diameter of a magnetic tape reel, expressed in centimetres and inches."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelDiameter;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelDiameter;
  skos:prefLabel "Reel Diameter"@en;
  skos:narrower :reelDiameterEightCmThreePointTwentyFiveInch, :reelDiameterTenCmFourInch,
    :reelDiameterTwelvePointFiveCmFiveInch, :reelDiameterSeventeenPointSeventyEightCmSevenInch,
    :reelDiameterTwentySixPointFiveCmTenPointFiveInch, :reelDiameterThirtyOnePointSeventyFiveCmTwelvePointFiveInch,
    :reelDiameterThirtyFivePointFiveCmFourteenInch .

:audioTapeFormat a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The physical width of magnetic audio tape, expressed in fractions or whole inches."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioTapeFormat;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioTapeFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "Audio Tape Format"@en;
  skos:narrower :audioTapeFormatOneEighthInch, :audioTapeFormatOneQuarterInch, :audioTapeFormatOneHalfInch,
    :audioTapeFormatOneInch, :audioTapeFormatTwoInch .

:substrate a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The base material or binder type used in the construction of a magnetic audio tape."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeSubstrate;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeSubstrate;
  skos:prefLabel "Substrate"@en;
  skos:narrower :substratePaper, :substrateCelluloseAcetate, :substratePolyvinylChloride,
    :substratePolyester, :substratePolyethyleneNaphthalate, :substrateMixedSubstrate .

:generalAssessmentOfTheReel a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The general physical condition of a magnetic tape reel as observed during basic visual inspection."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeGeneralAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeGeneralAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:prefLabel "General Assessment of the Reel"@en;
  skos:narrower :generalAssessmentOfTheReelGoodCondition, :generalAssessmentOfTheReelBrokenReel,
    :generalAssessmentOfTheReelBentOrWavyReel, :generalAssessmentOfTheReelPresenceOfDirt,
    :generalAssessmentOfTheReelPresenceOfMould, :generalAssessmentOfTheReelScratchesAndSmallCracks .

:visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Visible assembly marks, protective tape layers, or other elements relevant to the basic visual inspection of a magnetic tape."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeVisibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeVisibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:prefLabel "Visible Assembly Marks and Protective Elements"@en;
  skos:narrower :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsMultipleSubstrates, :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsSplices,
    :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsMarkers, :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsLeaderTapeOnTheOutside,
    :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsLeaderTapeOnTheInside .

:tapeAndWindingCondition a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Physical conditions affecting the magnetic tape itself and its winding on the spool, observable during handling."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Tape and Winding Condition"@en;
  skos:narrower :tapeAndWindingConditionNoConditionIssuesReported, :tapeAndWindingConditionBrokenSubstrate,
    :tapeAndWindingConditionBrittleAndDryTape, :tapeAndWindingConditionCinching, :tapeAndWindingConditionCountryLaning,
    :tapeAndWindingConditionDustAndDebris, :tapeAndWindingConditionEdgeCurl, :tapeAndWindingConditionEdgeDamage,
    :tapeAndWindingConditionFlangePack, :tapeAndWindingConditionFungus, :tapeAndWindingConditionLoosePack,
    :tapeAndWindingConditionRibbonCupping, :tapeAndWindingConditionPoppedStrands, :tapeAndWindingConditionSlottedHub,
    :tapeAndWindingConditionSpoking, :tapeAndWindingConditionSteppedPack, :tapeAndWindingConditionStretchedSection,
    :tapeAndWindingConditionWindowing, :tapeAndWindingConditionLooseOuterLayers, :tapeAndWindingConditionTapeWithWrinklesAndHandlingMarks .

:audioFormat a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The audio signal format and track configuration recorded on a magnetic tape, defining the number of sides and the mono or stereo nature of the recording."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioFormat;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "Audio Format"@en;
  skos:narrower :audioFormatOneSideMono, :audioFormatOneSideStereo, :audioFormatTwoSidesMono,
    :audioFormatTwoSidesStereo, :audioFormatTwoSidesMixed, :audioFormatNoAudioFormatInformation .

:recordingSpeed a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The speed at which audio content was recorded on a magnetic tape, expressed in inches per second (ips), as indicated on the carrier or packaging."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "Recording Speed"@en;
  skos:narrower :recordingSpeedFifteenThirtySecondsInchSec, :recordingSpeedFifteenSixteenthsInchSec,
    :recordingSpeedOnePointEightyThreeInchSec, :recordingSpeedThreePointSeventyFiveInchSec,
    :recordingSpeedSevenPointFiveInchSec, :recordingSpeedFifteenInchSec, :recordingSpeedThirtyInchSec,
    :recordingSpeedMixedRecordingSpeeds .

:degradationType a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A category of chemical or physical deterioration process affecting magnetic audio tape materials."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Degradation Type"@en;
  skos:narrower :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisVinegarSyndrome, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisStickyShedSyndrome,
    :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegration, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysis,
    :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationOxideLoss, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBrittlenessAndDrying,
    :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationShrinkage, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBinderBaseAdhesionFailure,
    :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBlocking, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBackingLoss,
    :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisBinderHydrolysis, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisSquealing .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedure a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A conservation treatment or physical preparation procedure applied to a magnetic tape in order to minimise or reverse chemical degradation or to prepare the carrier for playback and digitisation."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:topConceptOf <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Treatment and Preparation Procedure"@en;
  skos:narrower :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureNaturalDrying, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureRehydration,
    :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureBaking, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureRelubrication,
    :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureMechanicalRewinding, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureManualRewinding,
    :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureReplacingSplices, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureLeaderTapeSubstitution,
    :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureInsertingLeaderTape .

:conceptSchemePackagingType a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Packaging Type Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Types of outer packaging used for magnetic audio tape reels."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :packagingType;
  skos:prefLabel "Packaging Type Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeReelType a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Reel Type Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Types of reels used for magnetic audio tapes."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :reelType;
  skos:prefLabel "Reel Type Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeReelDiameter a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Reel Diameter Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Standard reel diameters for magnetic audio tapes, expressed in centimetres and inches."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :reelDiameter;
  skos:prefLabel "Reel Diameter Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeAudioTapeFormat a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Audio Tape Format Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Physical tape width formats for magnetic audio tapes."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :audioTapeFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "Audio Tape Format Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeSubstrate a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Substrate Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Base materials and binder types used in magnetic audio tape construction."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :substrate;
  skos:prefLabel "Substrate Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeGeneralAssessmentOfTheReel a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "General Assessment of the Reel Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Condition categories for the general visual assessment of a magnetic tape reel during basic inspection."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :generalAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:prefLabel "General Assessment of the Reel Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeVisibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Visible Assembly Marks and Protective Elements Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Visible assembly marks, protective layers of tape and other relevant elements observable during basic visual inspection of magnetic tapes."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:prefLabel "Visible Assembly Marks and Protective Elements Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Tape and Winding Condition Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Conditions describing the physical state of the magnetic tape and its winding on the spool."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :tapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Tape and Winding Condition Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeAudioFormat a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Audio Format Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Audio signal formats and track configurations for magnetic audio tapes."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :audioFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "Audio Format Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Recording Speed Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Recording speeds indicated on the carrier or packaging of magnetic audio tapes."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :recordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "Recording Speed Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeDegradationType a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Degradation Type Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Chemical and physical degradation phenomena affecting magnetic audio tapes, including binder degradation and hydrolysis processes."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :degradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Degradation Type Scheme"@en .

:conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure a skos:ConceptScheme;
  rdfs:label "Treatment and Preparation Procedure Scheme"@en;
  dct:description "Conservation treatment and support preparation procedures applied to magnetic audio tapes prior to or during digitisation."@en;
  skos:hasTopConcept :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Treatment and Preparation Procedure Scheme"@en .

:packagingTypeCardboardBox a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A rigid outer container made of cardboard used to store and protect a magnetic tape reel."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "The most common packaging type for open-reel audio tapes. Often bears inscriptions relating to the content, brand, or technical specifications of the tape."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemePackagingType;
  skos:prefLabel "Cardboard box"@en;
  skos:broader :packagingType;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:packagingTypePaperEnvelope a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A flat or folded paper enclosure used to house a magnetic tape reel."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Typically used for smaller formats or as secondary packaging. May carry handwritten or printed annotations."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemePackagingType;
  skos:prefLabel "Paper envelope"@en;
  skos:broader :packagingType .

:packagingTypePlasticCase a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A rigid outer container made of plastic used to store and protect a magnetic tape reel."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemePackagingType;
  skos:prefLabel "Plastic case"@en;
  skos:broader :packagingType .

:packagingTypePlasticEnvelope a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A flexible plastic enclosure used to house a magnetic tape reel."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemePackagingType;
  skos:prefLabel "Plastic envelope"@en;
  skos:broader :packagingType .

:reelTypeNabMetalReel a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A metal open-reel with a large hub conforming to the NAB (National Association of Broadcasters) standard, typically used in professional audio recording."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "NAB reels have a hub diameter of approximately 10.16 cm (4 inches). Commonly used in broadcast and studio environments."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelType;
  skos:prefLabel "NAB metal reel"@en;
  skos:altLabel "NAB reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelType;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:reelTypeTridentHubMetalReel a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A metal reel with a three-pronged (trident-shaped) hub design used for magnetic audio tape."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelType;
  skos:prefLabel "Trident hub metal reel"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Metal trident reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelType .

:reelTypeTridentHubPlasticReel a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A plastic reel with a three-pronged (trident-shaped) hub design used for magnetic audio tape."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelType;
  skos:prefLabel "Trident hub plastic reel"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Plastic trident reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelType .

:reelTypePancakeTapeWithDinHub a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A coreless tape pack wound on a DIN-standard hub, without flanges, in a flat disc form."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "DIN hubs conform to the Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) standard for tape hub dimensions."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelType;
  skos:prefLabel "Pancake tape with DIN hub"@en;
  skos:altLabel "DIN pancake"@en;
  skos:broader :reelType .

:reelTypePancakeTapeWithNabHub a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A coreless tape pack wound on a NAB-standard hub, without flanges, in a flat disc form."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelType;
  skos:prefLabel "Pancake tape with NAB hub"@en;
  skos:altLabel "NAB pancake"@en;
  skos:broader :reelType .

:reelDiameterEightCmThreePointTwentyFiveInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic tape reel with an outer diameter of 8 centimetres (3.25 inches)."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelDiameter;
  skos:prefLabel "8 cm (3.25 inch)"@en;
  skos:altLabel "3.25 inch reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelDiameter .

:reelDiameterTenCmFourInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic tape reel with an outer diameter of 10 centimetres (4 inches)."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelDiameter;
  skos:prefLabel "10 cm (4 inch)"@en;
  skos:altLabel "4 inch reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelDiameter .

:reelDiameterTwelvePointFiveCmFiveInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic tape reel with an outer diameter of 12.5 centimetres (5 inches)."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelDiameter;
  skos:prefLabel "12.5 cm (5 inch)"@en;
  skos:altLabel "5 inch reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelDiameter .

:reelDiameterSeventeenPointSeventyEightCmSevenInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic tape reel with an outer diameter of 17.78 centimetres (7 inches)."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelDiameter;
  skos:prefLabel "17.78 cm (7 inch)"@en;
  skos:altLabel "7 inch reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelDiameter .

:reelDiameterTwentySixPointFiveCmTenPointFiveInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic tape reel with an outer diameter of 26.5 centimetres (10.5 inches)."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelDiameter;
  skos:prefLabel "26.5 cm (10.5 inch)"@en;
  skos:altLabel "10.5 inch reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelDiameter .

:reelDiameterThirtyOnePointSeventyFiveCmTwelvePointFiveInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic tape reel with an outer diameter of 31.75 centimetres (12.5 inches)."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelDiameter;
  skos:prefLabel "31.75 cm (12.5 inch)"@en;
  skos:altLabel "12.5 inch reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelDiameter .

:reelDiameterThirtyFivePointFiveCmFourteenInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic tape reel with an outer diameter of 35.5 centimetres (14 inches)."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeReelDiameter;
  skos:prefLabel "35.5 cm (14 inch)"@en;
  skos:altLabel "14 inch reel"@en;
  skos:broader :reelDiameter .

:audioTapeFormatOneEighthInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic audio tape with a width of one-eighth of an inch (approximately 3.175 mm), commonly used in compact cassettes."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioTapeFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "1/8 inch"@en;
  skos:altLabel "3.175 mm tape"@en;
  skos:broader :audioTapeFormat .

:audioTapeFormatOneQuarterInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic audio tape with a width of one-quarter of an inch (approximately 6.35 mm), the most common format for open-reel audio tape."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "The standard format for consumer and semi-professional open-reel audio recorders."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioTapeFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "1/4 inch"@en;
  skos:altLabel "6.35 mm tape"@en;
  skos:broader :audioTapeFormat;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:audioTapeFormatOneHalfInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic audio tape with a width of one-half of an inch (approximately 12.7 mm), used in professional multitrack recording."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioTapeFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "1/2 inch"@en;
  skos:altLabel "12.7 mm tape"@en;
  skos:broader :audioTapeFormat .

:audioTapeFormatOneInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic audio tape with a width of one inch (approximately 25.4 mm), used in professional studio multitrack recording."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioTapeFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "1 inch"@en;
  skos:altLabel "25.4 mm tape"@en;
  skos:broader :audioTapeFormat .

:audioTapeFormatTwoInch a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Magnetic audio tape with a width of two inches (approximately 50.8 mm), the widest standard format used in professional studio multitrack recording."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioTapeFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "2 inch"@en;
  skos:altLabel "50.8 mm tape"@en;
  skos:broader :audioTapeFormat .

:substratePaper a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape base material made of paper, characteristic of the earliest magnetic audio tapes."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Paper-base tapes are among the oldest magnetic tape formats. They are highly susceptible to moisture and mechanical damage."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeSubstrate;
  skos:prefLabel "Paper"@en;
  skos:broader :substrate;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:substrateCelluloseAcetate a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape base material composed of cellulose acetate, widely used from the late 1940s to the 1970s."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Cellulose acetate tapes are susceptible to vinegar syndrome, a form of chemical degradation producing acetic acid and causing shrinkage and brittleness."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeSubstrate;
  skos:prefLabel "Cellulose acetate"@en;
  skos:altLabel "CA"@en, "Acetate base"@en;
  skos:broader :substrate;
  skos:related :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisVinegarSyndrome, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureRehydration;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:substratePolyvinylChloride a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape base material made of polyvinyl chloride, used in some European tape formulations."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeSubstrate;
  skos:prefLabel "Polyvinyl chloride"@en;
  skos:altLabel "PVC"@en;
  skos:broader :substrate .

:substratePolyester a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape base material made of polyester (polyethylene terephthalate), which became the dominant base film for magnetic audio tape from the 1960s onwards."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Polyester base tapes are more stable than acetate but are susceptible to sticky shed syndrome when the binder absorbs moisture."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeSubstrate;
  skos:prefLabel "Polyester"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Polyethylene terephthalate"@en, "PET"@en, "PE"@en;
  skos:broader :substrate;
  skos:related :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisStickyShedSyndrome;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:substratePolyethyleneNaphthalate a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape base material made of polyethylene naphthalate, offering superior thermal and dimensional stability compared to polyester."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeSubstrate;
  skos:prefLabel "Polyethylene naphthalate"@en;
  skos:altLabel "PEN"@en;
  skos:broader :substrate .

:substrateMixedSubstrate a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A tape pack containing more than one type of base material, assembled from sections of different substrate types."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Used when the assembled tape pack contains different materials (e.g., part PET, part acetate)."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeSubstrate;
  skos:prefLabel "Mixed substrate"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Assembled mixed tape pack"@en;
  skos:broader :substrate;
  skos:related :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsMultipleSubstrates .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisVinegarSyndrome a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A chemical degradation process affecting cellulose acetate base tapes in which acetic acid is produced through hydrolysis, causing shrinkage, brittleness, and a characteristic vinegar odour."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Vinegar syndrome is autocatalytic: the presence of acetic acid accelerates further degradation. Affected tapes should be stored separately and at low temperature and humidity."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Vinegar syndrome"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Acetate base degradation"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysis;
  skos:related :substrateCelluloseAcetate;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisStickyShedSyndrome a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A form of hydrolytic binder degradation affecting polyester-base magnetic tapes in which the binder absorbs atmospheric moisture, causing the oxide layer to become sticky and shed during playback."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Sticky shed syndrome typically affects tapes manufactured from the late 1970s onwards. Affected tapes may respond to low-temperature baking prior to digitisation."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Sticky shed syndrome"@en;
  skos:altLabel "SSS"@en, "Sticky tape"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysis;
  skos:related :substratePolyester, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureBaking;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsMultipleSubstrates a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The presence of more than one type of base material or binder on the same tape pack."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Used when there is more than one type of binder on the same pack."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeVisibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:prefLabel "Multiple substrates"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Multiple binder types"@en;
  skos:broader :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:related :substrateMixedSubstrate .

:generalAssessmentOfTheReelGoodCondition a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The reel shows no visible deterioration, deformation, contamination, or mechanical damage upon basic visual inspection."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Assign this condition only when no visible damage, debris, fungus, or deformation is observed on the reel or its packaging."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeGeneralAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:prefLabel "Good condition"@en;
  skos:broader :generalAssessmentOfTheReel .

:generalAssessmentOfTheReelBrokenReel a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The reel or its components are fractured or broken, compromising its structural integrity."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeGeneralAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:prefLabel "Broken reel"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Broken spool"@en;
  skos:broader :generalAssessmentOfTheReel .

:generalAssessmentOfTheReelBentOrWavyReel a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The reel exhibits deformation in the form of bending or waviness in the flanges or hub structure."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeGeneralAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:prefLabel "Bent or wavy reel"@en;
  skos:broader :generalAssessmentOfTheReel .

:generalAssessmentOfTheReelPresenceOfDirt a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The reel shows visible accumulation of non-fungal debris, dust, or surface contamination."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Used only when non-fungal debris are detected. When mould is present, use 'Presence of mould' instead."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeGeneralAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:prefLabel "Presence of dirt"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Non-fungal debris"@en;
  skos:broader :generalAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:related :generalAssessmentOfTheReelPresenceOfMould .

:generalAssessmentOfTheReelPresenceOfMould a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The reel exhibits visible fungal growth (mould) on the tape, hub, flanges, or packaging."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Used when fungal contamination is visible. If only non-fungal debris is present, use 'Presence of dirt' instead."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeGeneralAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:prefLabel "Presence of mould"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Fungal growth"@en;
  skos:broader :generalAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:related :generalAssessmentOfTheReelPresenceOfDirt .

:generalAssessmentOfTheReelScratchesAndSmallCracks a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The reel surface shows visible scratches, abrasion marks, or minor cracking."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeGeneralAssessmentOfTheReel;
  skos:prefLabel "Scratches and small cracks"@en;
  skos:broader :generalAssessmentOfTheReel .

:visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsSplices a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Joints in the tape where two sections have been physically joined together, typically using adhesive tape or a mechanical connection."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Splices are common in edited or repaired tapes. Degraded splices may fail during playback and require replacement before digitisation."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeVisibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:prefLabel "Splices"@en;
  skos:broader :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:related :tapeAndWindingConditionBrokenSubstrate, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureReplacingSplices;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsMarkers a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Visible marks or labels attached to the tape to indicate specific positions or cue points."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeVisibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:prefLabel "Markers"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Tape markers"@en;
  skos:broader :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements .

:visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsLeaderTapeOnTheOutside a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A non-magnetic leader tape attached to the outer (tail) end of the tape pack."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Leader tape at the outer end protects the recorded content from environmental exposure and mechanical damage during storage."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeVisibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:prefLabel "Leader tape on the outside"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Outer leader tape"@en;
  skos:broader :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:related :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsLeaderTapeOnTheInside, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureLeaderTapeSubstitution .

:visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsLeaderTapeOnTheInside a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A non-magnetic leader tape attached to the inner (head) end of the tape pack, closest to the hub."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeVisibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:prefLabel "Leader tape on the inside"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Inner leader tape"@en;
  skos:broader :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElements;
  skos:related :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsLeaderTapeOnTheOutside, :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureLeaderTapeSubstitution .

:tapeAndWindingConditionNoConditionIssuesReported a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The tape appears to be in good physical condition, properly aligned on the spool, with no visible debris or fungal contamination."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Used when the tape appears to be in good condition, it is aligned on the spool and no debris or fungus is visible."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "No condition issues reported"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Nothing to report"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionBrokenSubstrate a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The tape base material is physically broken, resulting in one or more complete breaks across the width of the tape."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Tapes with broken substrate cannot be played back until the break is repaired with a splice. Transfer to the treatment procedure 'Replacing splices'."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Broken substrate"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:related :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsSplices;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:tapeAndWindingConditionBrittleAndDryTape a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The tape exhibits brittleness and excessive dryness, making it prone to cracking or breaking during handling or playback."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Brittle and dry tape"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Tape brittleness"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:related :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisLossOfLubricant .

:tapeAndWindingConditionCinching a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Winding deformation characterised by wrinkled or telescoped layers caused by uneven tension or pressure during winding."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Cinching typically results from rewinding at high speed or from sudden stops during playback. Affected tapes may require rewinding prior to digitisation."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Cinching"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:related :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationShrinkage;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:tapeAndWindingConditionCountryLaning a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A longitudinal deformation of the tape substrate resulting in alternating raised and depressed sections visible across the tape width."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Country laning"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Longitudinal deformation"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionDustAndDebris a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The presence of particulate contamination (dust, debris) on the tape surface or within the tape pack."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Dust and debris"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionEdgeCurl a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A deformation in which one or both edges of the tape curl upward or downward along the tape's length."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Edge curl can affect tracking during playback and signal recovery. Severe cases may require treatment before digitisation."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Edge curl"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:related :tapeAndWindingConditionEdgeDamage;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:tapeAndWindingConditionEdgeDamage a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Physical degradation along one or both edges of the tape, including fraying, crumbling, or deformation resulting from poor winding or contact with reel flanges."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Edge damage"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Edge degradation"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:related :tapeAndWindingConditionEdgeCurl .

:tapeAndWindingConditionFlangePack a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A winding deformation in which tape layers protrude beyond the flanges of the reel."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Flange pack"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionFungus a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The presence of fungal growth (mould or mildew) on the tape surface, hub, or flanges."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Fungal contamination poses a risk of cross-contamination to other materials and requires quarantine and specialist treatment."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Fungus"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Mould on tape"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionLoosePack a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A winding condition in which the tape layers are not uniformly tensioned, resulting in a loosely wound tape pack that may shift or telescope."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Loose pack"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionRibbonCupping a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A deformation in which the tape takes on a concave or convex (cup-shaped) cross-section along its width."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Ribbon cupping affects head contact during playback and may result in partial signal loss."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Ribbon cupping"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Tape cupping"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionPoppedStrands a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Individual tape strands or layers that have displaced outward from the tape pack, typically visible as protruding loops."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Popped strands"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionSlottedHub a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A hub with slots or notches in its structure that may have caused tape deformation or damage at the innermost layers of the pack."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Slotted hub"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionSpoking a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A winding deformation in which tape layers are unevenly distributed around the hub, creating a spoke-like pattern when viewed from the side."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Spoking"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionSteppedPack a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A winding condition in which sections of the tape pack are offset, creating a stepped or uneven profile when viewed from the side."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Stepped pack"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionStretchedSection a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A section of the tape that has been permanently elongated beyond its original length due to mechanical stress."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Stretched sections cause speed fluctuations and pitch instability during playback."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Stretched section"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Tape stretch"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionWindowing a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A winding deformation in which gaps or transparent areas are visible through the side of the tape pack, indicating uneven layer spacing."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Windowing"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionLooseOuterLayers a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The outermost layers of the tape pack are loosely wound and may have fallen to the outside of the spool."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Loose outer layers"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:tapeAndWindingConditionTapeWithWrinklesAndHandlingMarks a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Visible wrinkles, creases, or deformation marks on the tape caused by inadequate handling."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTapeAndWindingCondition;
  skos:prefLabel "Tape with wrinkles and handling marks"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Handling damage"@en;
  skos:broader :tapeAndWindingCondition .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisLossOfLubricant a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The depletion of the internal lubricant in the tape binder, identifiable by tapes that squeal during playback and do not respond to backing."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Loss of lubricant"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Lubricant depletion"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysis;
  skos:related :tapeAndWindingConditionBrittleAndDryTape, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisSquealing,
    :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureRelubrication .

:audioFormatOneSideMono a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A single-sided mono recording where the signal occupies one full track or track pair on one side of the tape."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "1 Side MONO"@en;
  skos:broader :audioFormat .

:audioFormatOneSideStereo a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A single-sided stereo recording where the signal is recorded on two channels on one side of the tape."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "1 Side STEREO"@en;
  skos:broader :audioFormat .

:audioFormatTwoSidesMono a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A two-sided recording where both Side A and Side B are recorded in mono."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Used when both Side A and Side B of the tape pack contain mono recordings."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "2 Sides MONO"@en;
  skos:altLabel "2-sided mono"@en;
  skos:broader :audioFormat .

:audioFormatTwoSidesStereo a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A two-sided recording where both Side A and Side B are recorded in stereo."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Used when Side A and Side B are both in STEREO."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "2 Sides STEREO"@en;
  skos:altLabel "2-sided stereo"@en;
  skos:broader :audioFormat .

:audioFormatTwoSidesMixed a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A two-sided recording containing a combination of mono and stereo sections, or one side in mono and the other in stereo."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "2 Sides Mixed"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Mixed mono and stereo"@en;
  skos:broader :audioFormat .

:audioFormatNoAudioFormatInformation a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "No audio format information is indicated on the support, packaging, or spool."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Use when no format information can be determined from physical examination of the carrier or its packaging prior to playback."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeAudioFormat;
  skos:prefLabel "No audio format information"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Format not indicated"@en;
  skos:broader :audioFormat .

:recordingSpeedFifteenThirtySecondsInchSec a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape recording speed of fifteen thirty-seconds of an inch per second (approximately 1.19 cm/s), used in some consumer formats."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "15/32 inch/sec"@en;
  skos:altLabel "15/32 ips"@en;
  skos:broader :recordingSpeed .

:recordingSpeedFifteenSixteenthsInchSec a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape recording speed of fifteen sixteenths of an inch per second (approximately 2.38 cm/s), used in consumer and dictation formats."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "15/16 inch/sec"@en;
  skos:altLabel "15/16 ips"@en;
  skos:broader :recordingSpeed .

:recordingSpeedOnePointEightyThreeInchSec a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape recording speed of 1.83 inches per second (approximately 4.65 cm/s)."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "1.83 inch/sec"@en;
  skos:altLabel "1.83 ips"@en;
  skos:broader :recordingSpeed .

:recordingSpeedThreePointSeventyFiveInchSec a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape recording speed of 3.75 inches per second (approximately 9.53 cm/s), commonly used in consumer open-reel recorders."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "3.75 inch/sec"@en;
  skos:altLabel "3.75 ips"@en;
  skos:broader :recordingSpeed .

:recordingSpeedSevenPointFiveInchSec a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape recording speed of 7.5 inches per second (approximately 19.05 cm/s), a widely used semi-professional and professional speed."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "7.5 inch/sec"@en;
  skos:altLabel "7.5 ips"@en;
  skos:broader :recordingSpeed .

:recordingSpeedFifteenInchSec a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape recording speed of 15 inches per second (approximately 38.1 cm/s), the standard professional broadcast and studio recording speed."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "15 inch/sec"@en;
  skos:altLabel "15 ips"@en;
  skos:broader :recordingSpeed .

:recordingSpeedThirtyInchSec a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A magnetic tape recording speed of 30 inches per second (approximately 76.2 cm/s), used in high-fidelity professional mastering applications."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "30 inch/sec"@en;
  skos:altLabel "30 ips"@en;
  skos:broader :recordingSpeed .

:recordingSpeedMixedRecordingSpeeds a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A tape pack on which more than one recording speed is indicated or has been used, across different tracks or sides."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Used when several recording speeds are indicated on the carrier or packaging, e.g. 3.75 and 7.5 on the same tape pack."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeRecordingSpeed;
  skos:prefLabel "Mixed recording speeds"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Multiple speeds"@en;
  skos:broader :recordingSpeed .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegration a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A category of magnetic tape binder degradation encompassing processes of desiccation and structural disintegration of the oxide and binder layers."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Binder degradation: drying and disintegration"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType;
  skos:narrower :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationOxideLoss, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBrittlenessAndDrying,
    :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationShrinkage, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBinderBaseAdhesionFailure,
    :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBlocking, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBackingLoss .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysis a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A category of magnetic tape binder degradation caused by the chemical reaction of the binder with water, resulting in molecular breakdown of the polyester-urethane binder."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Binder degradation: hydrolysis"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType;
  skos:narrower :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisVinegarSyndrome, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisStickyShedSyndrome,
    :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisLossOfLubricant, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisBinderHydrolysis,
    :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisSquealing .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationOxideLoss a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The loss of magnetic oxide particles from the recording layer, observable as black or brown flakes or powder detaching from the tape surface during winding or playback."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Oxide loss is a major signal degradation risk. Tapes exhibiting oxide loss may require stabilisation before playback."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Oxide loss"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Oxide flakes"@en, "Oxide shedding"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegration;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBrittlenessAndDrying a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A degradation state in which the tape binder has lost plasticiser content and moisture, resulting in a dry and brittle coating prone to cracking."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Brittleness and drying"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Dry binder"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegration .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationShrinkage a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A dimensional reduction of the tape base material caused by loss of moisture or chemical decomposition, potentially leading to cinching, cupping, or layer adhesion."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Shrinkage"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegration;
  skos:related :tapeAndWindingConditionCinching .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBinderBaseAdhesionFailure
  a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The loss of adhesion between the binder layer (magnetic oxide coating) and the base film, resulting in separation or flaking of the coating."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Binder-base adhesion failure"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Delamination"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegration;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBlocking a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "Adhesion between adjacent layers of tape in the wound pack, resulting in the loss of small particles or flakes that stick to the backcoat or substrate of the adjacent layer when separated."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Blocking"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Pinning"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegration .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegrationBackingLoss a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "The loss of particles or flakes from the tape backcoat layer, detaching from the reverse side of the tape base material."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Backing loss"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Backcoat loss"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationDryingAndDisintegration .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisBinderHydrolysis a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A generalised hydrolytic degradation of the tape binder not attributable to a specific syndrome, causing weakening of the binder structure."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Binder hydrolysis"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Non-specific hydrolysis"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysis .

:degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisSquealing a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "An audible distortion or noise produced during tape playback resulting from adhesion and friction between the tape and the playback machine's transport components."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Squealing is often a symptom of binder hydrolysis or loss of lubricant. It may be reduced by baking or relubrication."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeDegradationType;
  skos:prefLabel "Squealing"@en;
  skos:broader :degradationType, :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysis;
  skos:related :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisLossOfLubricant .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedureNaturalDrying a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A treatment procedure in which a tape with excessive moisture is dried under controlled ambient conditions without the application of heat."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Applicable in cases of excessive moisture but without observable severe chemical degradation. Not suitable for tapes with sticky shed syndrome or vinegar syndrome."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Natural drying"@en;
  skos:broader :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedureRehydration a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A treatment procedure in which moisture is reintroduced to a desiccated tape binder under controlled conditions to restore flexibility and playability."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Applicable to acetate-base tapes in specific cases. Not suitable for polyester tapes."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Rehydration"@en;
  skos:broader :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:related :substrateCelluloseAcetate;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedureBaking a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A treatment procedure in which the tape is subjected to controlled low-temperature heat over a defined period to temporarily reverse sticky shed syndrome by driving off absorbed moisture from the binder."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Applicable to polyester-base tapes affected by sticky shed syndrome. Not to be applied to acetate-base tapes. Baking provides a temporary improvement; treated tapes should be digitised promptly."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Baking"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Thermal treatment"@en;
  skos:broader :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:related :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisStickyShedSyndrome;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedureRelubrication a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A treatment procedure in which a lubricant is applied to the tape surface to reduce friction and address squealing caused by lubricant depletion."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Applicable to polyester-base tapes in specific cases of lubricant loss. The choice and application of lubricant should follow specialist guidance."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Relubrication"@en;
  skos:broader :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:related :degradationTypeBinderDegradationHydrolysisLossOfLubricant;
  dct:source "IASA Cataloguing Rules" .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedureMechanicalRewinding a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A preparation procedure in which the tape is rewound using a mechanical tape transport device prior to digitisation."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Mechanical rewinding"@en;
  skos:broader :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedureManualRewinding a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A preparation procedure in which the tape is rewound by hand, typically used for fragile or damaged tapes that cannot be safely handled by a mechanical transport."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Manual rewinding"@en;
  skos:broader :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedureReplacingSplices a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A preparation procedure in which deteriorated or failing splices are removed and replaced with new archival splicing tape prior to playback and digitisation."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Replacing splices"@en;
  skos:broader :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:related :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsSplices .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedureLeaderTapeSubstitution a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A preparation procedure in which deteriorated or absent leader tape is replaced or inserted at the head or tail of the tape pack."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Leader tape substitution"@en;
  skos:altLabel "Leader tape replacement"@en;
  skos:broader :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:related :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsLeaderTapeOnTheOutside, :visibleAssemblyMarksAndProtectiveElementsLeaderTapeOnTheInside,
    :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureInsertingLeaderTape .

:treatmentAndPreparationProcedureInsertingLeaderTape a skos:Concept;
  skos:definition "A preparation procedure in which leader tape is inserted at the head or tail of a tape pack that lacks it."@en;
  skos:scopeNote "Used when leader tape is entirely absent from one or both ends of the tape pack."@en;
  skos:inScheme <http://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/preservart-tr/>, :conceptSchemeTreatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:prefLabel "Inserting leader tape"@en;
  skos:broader :treatmentAndPreparationProcedure;
  skos:related :treatmentAndPreparationProcedureLeaderTapeSubstitution .